Aryavart Geopolitics

Important Points from the Union Budget for The Financial Year 2025 The fiscal deficit is estimated at 4.9% of the GDP in FY 2025. The fiscal deficit is calculated as the government's total expenditure minus total receipts.  The 'Budget' word is not mentioned in the Indian constitution. It is mentioned as the "Annual Financial Statement" in article 112 of the constitution. Budget is prepared by the Budget Division of the Department of Economic Affairs in the ministry of finance. According to the article 266 of the Indian Constitution, Parliamentary approval is required to draw money from the Consolidated Fund of India. RK Shanmukham Chetty was the first finance minister of independent India. Morari Desai presented the budget ten times which is the maximum number of times by any finance minister in India till now.  Receipts estimates : The budget for FY 2025 estimates 31.3 lakh crore revenue receipts and 16.9 lakh crore capital receipts.  Expenditure estimates : T...

India must revise the 1960-Indus Water Treaty. The Indus Water Treaty of 1960 was an injustice to India as Rajasthan remains dry and arid due to this treaty.  The Indus river system has six rivers - Indus, Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Beas and Satluj. According the treaty the water of three rivers - Indus, Chenab and Jhelum was allotted to Pakistan and the water of Ravi, Beas and Satluj was allotted to India. But, the three rivers allotted to India carry only 20% of water of total Indus river system and the three rivers allotted to Pakistan carry 80% of water volume of the total Indus river system. So, it was not as simple as seems that three rivers were allotted to India and three were allotted to Pakistan. But , the water volume was not considered. The size and population of both the countries were not considered. So, it is not a proportional water distribution.  The Great Thar desert has an arid area of 2 lakh sq km out of which 85% areas is in India's Rajasthan. Rajasthan has no ...

India -the new defence manufacturing hub. India is the rising defence manufacturing hub. The Government is committed to reduce its dependency on imported defence equipments to ensure national safety and to boost self - reliance. Till now India imported simple defence items which can be made indigenously. But , now the scenario is changing. The Government has launched many initiative like make in India to enhance indigenous manufacturing. The indigenous defence production rose to a record high value of Rs. 1.27 lakh crore in  FY-2023-24. This shows a growth of 16.7% over the defence production of the previous FY-2022-23. This growth is over 60% since 2019-20, when defence production stood at 79071 crore. 79.2% of the total value of the production in 2023-24, came from Defence Public Sector Undertaking and other PSUs and 20.8% came from the private sector. The biggest benefit of this increased  indigenous production is that it increased the defence exports. India now changing fr...